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[edi kusmaya]

Penuntasan BH di Kab. Tangerang
Antara Komitmen, Realisasi dan Target
Oleh: EDI KUSMAYA
(UPT Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar Kab. Tangerang)
Dari hasil pendataan terakhir, ternyata wilayah pantai utara di Kabupaten Tangerang tetap masih bertebaran Buta Hurup (BH) alias buta aksara. Dari 80.923 penduduk BH di Kabupaten Tangerang paling banyak berada di Teluknaga 13 % (11.104) penduduk, urutan kedua Sepatan 10.33 % (8.367) penduduk,  disusul peringkat ketiga Pakuhaji  9.31 %  ( 7.537) penduduk dan peringkat keempat Kronjo 6.802 % (5,505) penduduk.  Itulah faktanya,  bahwa warga Kabupaten Tangerang yang paling banyak masih dalam katagori BH ada di wilayah pantura. 
Dari kenyataan tersebut paling tidak dapat ditarik dua pertanyaan pokok. Pertama, apakah masyarakat pantura kurang mendapat perhatian dari semua komponen masyarakat, termasuk dari pemerintah setempat  terutama dalam masalah pendidikan ? Kedua, apakah memang masyarakat pantura secara umum kurang memperhatikan masalah pendidikan dibandingkan dengan kelompok masyarakat yang tinggal bukan di pesisir ?
* * *
Belum ada penelitian yang dapat menjawab masalah tersebut, namun yang jelas penyebabnya pasti banyak faktor tidak sekedar  masalah kebijakan dan sosial kuturil. Kedua pertanyaan tersebut di atas, hanyalah dua aspek yang diperkirakan menjadi penyebab utama mengapa angka BH paling banyak ada di wilayah pantura.
Kalau mau jujur kepedulian kita terhadap pendidikan keaksaraan terhadap masyarakat yang masih menyandang BH, selama ini masih sangat kurang. Ya, kita semua dari semua komponen termasuk pemerintah, dewan, para pengusaha, ormas, LSM, tokoh agama, dinas instansi terkait termasuk kalangan pers sendiri.
   Ironis memang, kita sudah merdeka 62 tahun, berbagai kemajuan sudah diraih dari berbagai bidang. Namun di sisi lain, ada sebagian saudara kita yang baca dan tulis saja nga biasa, alias buta aksara latin. Inilah potret realita sisi lain dari negeri tercinta ini.
Dari hasil pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan, sebenarnya mereka yang dikatagorikan BH tidak bias dikatakan “bodoh”.  Waulaupun tidak bias juga dikatakan pinter, karena memiliki keterbatasan dalam mengakses berbagai aktivitas kehidupan keseharian, yang tidak terlepas dari kegiatan membaca – menulis dan berhitung. Banyak kasus di Jabotabek diantara mereka yang buta aksara, tergusur dari tanahnya sendiri gara-gara memberikan cap jempol pada selembar keretas segel oleh oknum yang memanfaatkan sisi lemahnya karena tidak bias baca tulis. Ada juga cerita lucu juga, ada seorang istri yang tidak tau memberikan cap jempolnya, padahal isi surat tersebut adalah restu atau kerelaan menjadi istri ke sekian.
Tangerang, ya yang tempoe doeloe identik dengan penjara anak nakal, daerah minus. Konon di kalangan PNS khusunya guru dari daerah wilayah priangan atau jawa, jika dikirim ke wilayah Banten khususnya Tangerang, sama saja dibuang. Bagaimana kini, berubah 360 derajat, kini wilayah ini berubah menjadi kota industri dan perdagangan. Tapi siapa sangka diantara megahnya mall, bertebarannya perumahan elit seperti Lippo dan BSD, dipinggiran tembok-tembok tinggi masyarakatnya masih banyak yang buta hurup. Termasuk di wilayah sekitar Bandara Internasional Soekarno – Hatta. Inikah ukuran kemajuan Tangerang ? lantas ukuran kemajuan masyarakat itu yang bagaimana ?


Persolannya kalau mau jujur, perhatian terhadap program keaksaraan baru pihak-pihak tertentu seperti di tingkat nasional Direktorat Pendidikan Masyarakat, kemudian di tingkat provinsi dan di kabupaten kota subdin Pendidikan Luar Sekolah (PLS), kemudian di tataran pelaksananya Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM), Kelompok Belajar kemudian ormas seperti Aisyiah, Fatayat NU dan beberapa LSM. Jadi kesimpulannya belum semua kekuatan bangsa fokus, berkomotmen dan bahu membahu menyukseskan program ini. Oleh karenanya kini saatnya semua komponen menyatukan persepsi, kekuatan dan kemampuan agar target tuntas buta aksara 2009 yang sudah dicanangkan pemerintah bisa jadi kenyataan.
* * *
Khusus mengenai karakteristik masyarakat pesisir, memang ada beberapa aspek sosial kultural yang spesifik yang diperkirakan ada korelasi dengan relatif banyaknya warga buta aksara di wilayah pantura. Hal ini harus dijadikan dasar pertimbangan dalam penyelenggaraan program keaksaraan. Antara lain, aspek waktu pembelajaran karena mereka dalam waktu-waktu tertentu melaut. Mungkin juga secara umum, masyarakat pantura belum menempatkan pendidikan sebagai hal yang pertama dan utama dalam bagian aktivitas kehidupan kesehariannya. Karena menganggap pendidikan tidak ada kaitannya dengan peningkatan kesejahteraan mereka sehari-hari. Sehingga mereka tidak melihat pengaruh pendidikan terhadap nasib secara ekonomi. Apalagi bagi mereka yang usianya sudah lanjut, persepsi tersebut akan semakin kuat.


Dengan demikian, program pendidikan keaksaraan dalam upaya penuntasan buta aksara di wilayah pantura harus benar-benar diawali dengan penuyuluhan untuk memberikan pandangan bahwa membaca, menulis dan berhitung itu tak bisa dipisahkan dari kehidupan keseharian. (Edi Kusmaya, Pamong Belajar UPTD Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar Kab. Tangerang)

Alamat:
Perumahan Citra Raya Gardenia I Blok XG 16 No. 28.B Kelurahan Mekarbakti Kec. Panongan Kab Tangerang 081315193917


 
Aktifitas pembelajaran keaksaraan yang dilakukan oleh PKK Kabupaten Tangerang, di Wilayah keronjo dengan dukungan teknis penuh dari dinas pendidikan setempat [/font] [/font]

[myz1235]

The early China civilization was ruled by a series of emperors from different dynasties.

These dynasties were royal families. Shih Haung Ti established the Ch'in Dynasty, united the

Chinese kingdom known as the Warring States, became the first emperor (221 B.C.), and began

building the Great Wall of China. Thousands of terra-cotta clay statues were placed to guard

his tomb. The Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-220 A.D.) was a peaceful time when paper and ink were

invented and schools built. The Tang Dynasty (618 A.D.-906 A.D.) was known for their public

systems, art including pottery, sculpture, and painting, as well as their gunpowder.
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The "Three Teachings" including Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism greatly influenced the

Chinese. Confucius (551-479 B.C.) taught people about the importance of being loyal,

unselfish, and courteous. The roots of Taoism go back to prehistoric times but were

described around 600 B.C. by Lao Zi. He explained the "path" to contentment. Buddha (563

B.C.) who was born in India focused on achieving absolute peace through a "Eightfold Path"

including rightness of views, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness,

and concentration.
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Early China was very isolated from the rest of the world. This isolation is reflected in the

creation of the Great Wall. This wall is 2,150 miles long. This isolationism extended to the

interior of the country. For example, the Ming dynasty lived in a palace called the

Forbidden City. Ordinary people were prohibited from entering. The Silk Road was used to

open trade between Ancient China and Rome. This 7,000 mile route was owned by China but

traveled by merchants who traded products such as silk.
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The Ancient Chinese are known for their many inventions and technological advancements

including the development of writing, a calendar, gunpowder, printing, silk, paper, and the

compass. The earliest book was printed in 868 A.D.
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As you explore online resources you'll notice conflicting names and titles. In 1957, a new

system for translating Chinese into Roman letters resulted in many language changes. For

example, the first emperor's name changed from Ch'in Shih Huang to Qin Shi Huangdi. Although

some historians changed to the new system, others continue to use the original translations

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[two0426]

Hallow's End went away today at 4am server time, just as
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 sneakily as it arrived. The end of the Seasonal Event brought to a close about a month of the Scarlet Monastery being just about the most popular instance in the game. Some players ended the event completing the Meta-Achievement while others, like myself, fell short. With a mere twenty-eight minutes to go, I rounded up a bunch of guildies and used up about five summons to try and complete Sinister Calling.

While I ended up missing the Hallowed Helm, two Squashling pets dropped out of five tries, which was a pretty good deal for the short time we had. We ran out of time on the last summon... as my guildie completed the quest to call out the Headless Horseman, he was able to utter the challenge but nothing came out from the grave. In fact, as the clock struck precisely at 4pm, the giant pumpkin disappeared, leaving us stupefied.

It was a fun Hallow's End event, even if it did get rudely interrupted by zombies. I hope that unlike me, most of you got what you needed from the event. The mount would've been nice, but I suppose there's always next year. By that time, I hope Blizzard will update the encounter for Level 80 with matching new loot. The Headless Horseman has about 12 months to level up xll.

[luoxiaosang]

  When I archlord money, was about 13， my parents decided to buy an old house in the country. They found an old school house for sale and the main quarters were the headmaster’s house. The headmaster’s house being the larger of the two was the one we lived in. The school house was used as guest accommodation when family and friends came to visit. I loved living there because whenever I had friends stay over， we could use the school house unsupervised and because the place had a kitchen and a bathroom we never had to go to the main archlord money house.
    This one dog clothes,night in particular I had two people staying in the house with me my best friend Sandy and my cousin Shane. We collected all the things we would need for the night and set up our sleeping bags in the middle of the room. We talked until the early hours of the morning， and as we were all getting sleepy we thought it was a good time to say goodnight. We were doing our rip-off of the Waltons "good night Jim Bob， etc." when I saw something out the corner of my eye. It was one green orb about the size of a small dinner plate and it went from one side of the room straight over to the fire place and just stopped. My friends had also noticed and we were all whispering， "What is dog clothes that?"
    Feeling unusually maple story mesos,brave， I decided to prove that it was the moon because that’s all it could have been; we were out in the middle of nowhere and there were no lights of any kind. I got up and went to look out the window. But there was no light source; the moon was behind the clouds and outside was pitch maple story mesos black.
    Just as I was flyff penya, about to say this， all the windows in the room started to shake and the orb was changing in colour from green to orange to red and getting brighter all the time. I backed away from the windows and sat back down between my two friends， trying to hide the fact that I was flyff penya petrified.
    When all last chaos gold,the shaking stopped and the place calmed down， my cousin dared me to go and see if I could touch the orb. A dare is a dare so I accepted. I got up and somehow made my feet walk over to the orb. I reached up and it disappeared. yelling at us for making so much noise and waking him up. He said it sounded like we were banging on the walls and he also said he could see lights on in the school house. But he said it was when we started screaming that he really got fed up and decided to tell us to shut up and go to last chaos gold bed.
    We tried World of Warcraft power leveling,   to convince him that we hadn’t done anything， that we hadn’t even made a noise， but he didn’t belive us. We didn’t see any point in arguing， so we called it a night we decided to take our chances in the school house because dad was to mad to reason with.After he left， I felt the immediate need to go to the bathroom. I put the light on and made my friends stand lookout on the other side of the door. Just as I sat down， the darn thing flushed and I nearly hit the roof. I don’t know how it happened， but I didn’t hang around to find out. I went outside instead. We stayed awake until it was morning and I haven’t slept in there world of warcraft power leveling since.

[jan1213]

Yuan Shu sent 100 thousand troops， led by General Ji Ling， to attack Liu Bei. For fear of Lü Bu in Xuzhou who might lend Liu a hand， Yuan wrote Lü a letter， together with many food supplies as gifts， asking him not to help Liu. Liu， on the other hand， wrote lüa letter asking for assistance.
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“If I remain an onlooker with folded arms，wow power leveling”thought Lü， “I will be in danger after Yuan defeats Liu. But if I help Liu， Yuan will be be resentful to me.” So Lü invited both Liu Bei and Ji Ling to a bqnqet. 　　Lü sat between Liu and Ji at the banquet. After a few rounds of toasts Lü began， “Please grant me a favor by stopping the fight.” When Ji Ling refused， Lu shouted for his long lance to be brought over.
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Both Liu and Ji got a fright.aion kinah “I'll stand my lance 150steps away outside the gate. If my arrow hits its edge you two will stop your fight. And if I miss the target you have your own way.” Ji secretly hoped that he would miss the target， while Liu crossed his fingers wished Lu succees. Lü and wine brought up to him. After each one had a cup Lu arched his bow， aimed and shot with a big shout. The arrow flew like lightening toward the target， and hit right on the edge of the lance. A big applause rose from everybody around.
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Lu dropped his bow and laughed，Designer Glasses saying， “You see， even the heavens wish that you stop fighting.” With his excellent archery， Lü averted a fight between the two sidesFollowing the interlocking stratagems they had laid， Wang Yun betrothed his step daughter Diao Chan to Lü Bu， then， to sow discord between the two， presented the girl to Dong Zhou as a concubine.
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 Lü Bu was furious，cheap aion kinah and each time he met Diao Chan， the latter feigned a sad tearful look. One day， while Dong Chan was in court， Lü Bu rushed back to Dong Zhuo's residence to see the girl. In the Fengyi Pavilion the girl said to him with a desperate look， “I have prolonged my life in disgrace simply so I could have a final meeting with you and let you know my feelings.
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Ishould have waited upon you but unfortunately Dong Zhuo took me by force.maple story mesos We can only meet in the next life…” So saying she meant to throw herself into the lotus pool. Lü Bu hurriedly held her back and swore， “How can I be a man if I fail to marry you?”Suddenly aware of Lü Bu's absence， Dong Zhuo， suspicious， rushed back to his residence to see Diao Chan was nowhere. the service maids told him the girl and Lü Bu were in the back garden. Dong Zhuo rushed there and at the sight of the two， roared with anger.
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Lü Bu fled.cabal alz When Dong Zhuo got back to his bedroom he saw Diao Chan's face was tearful. Being demanded for an answer， the girl said， “I was enjoying flowers in the back garden when Lü Bu stole in to take my liberty. I tried to escape but he drove me to the pavilion with his lance…” Before long the interlocking stratagems worked out-Dong Zhuo was killed by Lü Bu.

[simluo]

If you fought with your archlord money,sweetheart last night, does that mean that your relationship is on the rocks?Maybe. Maybe not.Research shows it's how we fight -- where, when, what tone of voice and words we use, whether we hear each other out fairly -- that's critical. If we argue poorly, we may end up headed for divorce court. Yet if we argue well, experts say, we actually may improve our relationship.Esther and Bill Bleuel learned to change the way they fight. A few years ago, they had a serious spat while driving down Interstate 5 in California. The topic was a sore one: His adult daughters from his first marriage. Ms. Bleuel felt her husband paid more attention to them than to her archlord money.
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Suddenly, Ms. Bleuel, who was driving, saw red lights flashing behind her. Glancing quickly at her speedometer, she realized she was traveling 96 miles per hour in 65 mph zone. She pulled over, and a policeman approached the car. Before she had a chance to speak, though, her husband said: 'Officer, it is my fault. I was arguing with my wife and she got upset.'Ms. Bleuel, a 64-year-old psychotherapist from Westlake Village, Calif., says that the policeman looked stunned, then replied: 'Oh boy, I know what it's like -- I'm married, too. But please, in the future, try to go easy on her.'It's great advice for everyone, right? But how do we do it? How can we learn to keep our cool when we're upset? How long should we let a disagreement go on? Is there always a 'winner'?'All couples disagree -- it's how they disagree that makes the difference,' says Howard Markman, professor of psychology at the University of Denver and co-director of the Center for Marital and Family Studies. For 30 years, Dr. Markman has conducted research that looks at how couples deal with conflict. A key finding: Couples who argue well are happier. Or, as Dr. Markman says, 'You can get angry, but it's important to talk without fighting.  dog clothes'
       maple story mesos,
The latest findings from his research, published in June in the 'Journal of Family Psychology,' show that couples who reported they had negative communication before marriage -- criticizing each other's opinions, rolling their eyes, leaving the room -- were more likely to end up divorcing.Although research shows that the biggest issues couples argue about are money, sex, work, kids and housework, we all know the possibilities for conflict are endless. I've been asking couples what they argue about and have heard about plenty of fights over home renovations, plus sports cars, mini-skirts, how to a pack and whether to buy mayonnaise or Miracle Whip. One man said he and his girlfriend argue over whether to argue maple story mesos.
             flyff penya,
Diana Miller, a 65-year-old financial advisor from San Diego, once fought with a former boyfriend over Trout Amandine. She had spent more than an hour preparing it one evening. Her boyfriend loved the dinner, she says, but he became upset when she tossed the leftover wrapper and fish skin in the trash.I couldn't believe how unhappy he became about a potential fish stench when I had just cooked this great meal,' she says.I felt underappreciated and furious.' Ms. Miller responded by stomping her foot and telling her boyfriend that she was going for a walk -- and they could discuss the issue when she returned.It may be helpful to note that the experts make no distinction between arguing, fighting, bickering or even nagging (I was horrified to learn). They're all ways of expressing disagreement with another person that often become destructive, with one or both people using insults, clamming up or storming off flyff penya .
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Why do we do this? For starters, many of us learned by watching our parents have destructive arguments -- or bottle up their anger and give each other the silent treatment. We've also been raised to believe that success means winning -- and if one side wins, the other must lose.Now, here's the good news: It's possible to learn to argue in a much healthier way. The first thing you have to do is talk to the other person. 'The longer a conflict stews, the more likely we are going to get into catastrophe mode,' says Jennifer Samp, associate professor in the speech communication department at the University of Georgia and a fellow at the Institute for Behavioral Research last chaos gold.
            Designer Glasses,
'We are mulling it and thinking about it and it will become bigger and scarier and more threatening than if we are able to talk about it if it just comes up,' she says.Dr. Markman has developed a method, for helping couples settle disputes, called the 'speaker-listener technique,' which he details in a newly-revised edition of a book he wrote with several colleagues: 'Fighting for Your Marriage.'He says that couples who have a disagreement should call a 'couple's meeting' to discuss the issue without looking for a solution -- and set a time limit of 15 minutes. They may flip a coin to see who speaks  Designer Glasses first.

[simluo]

Since the beginning of rappelz rupees,time never has there been another with my mind, my heart, my eyes, my ears, my hands, my hair, my mouth. None that came before, none that live today, and none that come tomorrow can walk and talk and move and think exactly like me. All men are my brothers yet I am different from each. I am a unique creature.I am nature's greatest miracle.Although I am of the animal kingdom, animal rewards alone will not satisfy me. Within me burns a flame, which has been passed from generations uncounted and its heat is a constant irritation to my spirit to become better than I am, and I will. I will fan this flame of dissatisfaction and proclaim my uniqueness to the rappelz rupees world.
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None can duplicate my brush strokes, none can make my chisel marks, none can duplicate my handwriting, none can produce my child, and, in truth, none has the ability to sell exactly as I. Henceforth, I will capitalize on this difference for it is an asset to be promoted to the fullest.I am nature's greatest miracle.Vain attempts to imitate others no longer will I make. Instead will I place my uniqueness on display in the market place. I will proclaim it, yea, I will sell it. I will begin now to accent my differences; hide my similarities. So too will I apply this principle to the goods I sell. Salesman and goods, different from all others, and proud of the difference.I am a unique creature of nature.replica sunglasses
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I am rare, and there is value in all rarity; therefore, I am valuable. I am the end product of thousands of years of evolution; therefore, I am better equipped in both mind and body than all the emperors and wise men who preceded me.But my skills, my mind, my heart, and my body will stagnate, rot, and die lest I put them to good use. I have unlimited potential. Only a small portion of my brain do I employ; only a paltry amount of my muscles do I flex. A hundredfold or more can I increase my accomplishments of yesterday and this I will do, beginning today.maple story power leveling
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Nevermore will I be satisfied with yesterday's accomplishments nor will I indulge, anymore, in self-praise for deeds which in reality are too small to even acknowledge. I can accomplish far more than I have, and I will, for why should the miracle which produced me end with my birth? Why can I not extend that miracle to my deeds of today?
I am nature's greatest miracle.I am not on this earth by chance. I am here for a purpose and that purpose is to grow into a mountain, not to shrink to a grain of sand. Henceforth will I apply all my efforts to become the highest mountain of all and I will strain my potential until it cries for mercy.world of warcraft gold
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I will increase my knowledge of mankind, myself, and the goods I sell, thus my sales will multiply. I will practice, and improve, and polish the words I utter to sell my goods, for this is the foundation on which I will build my career and never will I forget that many have attained great wealth and success with only one sales talk, delivered with excellence. Also will I seek constantly to improve my manners and graces, for they are the sugar to which all are attracted.I am nature's greatest miracle.wedding dresses
                        Atlantica gold,
I will concentrate my energy on the challenge of the moment and my actions will help me forget all else. The problems of my home will be left in my home. I will think naught of my family when I am in the market place for this will cloud my thoughts. So too will the problems of the market place be left in the market place and I will think naught of my profession when I am in my home for this will dampen my love.There is no room in the market place for my family, nor is there room in my home for the market. Each I will divorce from the other and thus will I remain wedded to both. Separate must they remain or my career will die. This is a paradox of the ages.Atlantica gold